INGS1002 Lecture 5: Lecture 5 1002
28 May 2018
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1. (Lecture 5) Empires, States and the New World
- What is meant by the first globalisation? What is the author trying to
distinguish it
from?
• In the period between 1500-1775 much of the world began to come into
regular and ongoing contact
• Whilst previously there was a few worlds; the Chinese world, the Indian
world, the Mediterranean world, the Americas, etc
• Christopher Columbus’ 1922 voyage established new relations among
the Americas, Africa and Europe, opening up the New World
• Another Pacific route linked the New World to China after the Spanish
occupied the Philippines
• These new connections led to the exchange around the world of
commodities, ideas, germs, foods, and people
• In the process, created was a dynamic but also very peculiar kind of
New World, quite different from the Old (that is, Afro-Eurasia).
- Why did so many New World people die during the sixteenth century? What
was the significance of the Great Dying?
• Small pox epidemic threatened many, initially Aztecs and Incas
• During Spanish conquest the Spaniards unwittingly brought the smallpox
virus, unleashing an epidemic in the summer of 1520, killing over half of the
residents of Tenochtitalan - allowing them to take advantage and seize
Tenochtitlan
• A similar combination of factors allowed Francisco Pizarro to conquer the
Incas
• - The smallpox epidemic had already Spread to Peru from Mexico in
the 1520's,
decimating Andean Indian populations long before Pizarro arrived.
• - Nonetheless, significance in the epidemic. Aforementioned is the
beginning.
• From 1518 to 1600, seventeen major epidemics were recorded in the New
world, spanning in territory from what is now Argentina in the south to what is
now Texas and the Carolinas in the United States.
• This "century long holocaust" however encompasses much more - measles,
influenza, bubonic plague, cholera, chicken pox, whooping cough, diphtheria
and tropical malaria
• Although there is debate as to whether it was a European introduced disease
that ravaged the Indians of the American Northeast the point is that diseases
afflicted these natives too
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Document Summary
(lecture 5) empires, states and the new world. In the process, created was a dynamic but also very peculiar kind of. New world, quite different from the old (that is, afro-eurasia). Tenochtitlan: a similar combination of factors allowed francisco pizarro to conquer the. The smallpox epidemic had already spread to peru from mexico in the 1520"s, decimating andean indian populations long before pizarro arrived. Conquest. (however this was just one factor of many, e. g lowered fertility, depression among surviving native population, war among american natives, oppression by conquerors) Without people to tend their farms and to periodically burn trees, forests returned to cover the americas. That much tree growth, ruddiman argues, took enough carbon dioxide - greenhouse gas - out of the atmosphere to contribute to the cooling of the planet. Plus, although there were already reasons for labor problems in. Spanish new world the great dying would have contributed to this.
