CAM202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone, Domperidone, Droperidol
11 Oct 2018
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Treat(cid:373)e(cid:374)t of nausea a(cid:374)d vo(cid:373)iti(cid:374)g: ctz- chemoreceptor trigger zone- area of the medulla oblongata that receives input from hormones or blood-borne drugs, and communicates with structures of the vomiting centre to initiate vomiting. Mechanism of action: they work by blocking d2 receptors in the ctz, which causes decreased stimulation of the vomiting centre, d2 antagonists work by blocking inhibitory receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, causing increased stimulation of the postsynaptic neuron. D2 receptor antagonists can be used to treat this: tuberohypophyseal pathway. Inhibits prolactin release, as dopamine is a prolactin inhibiting hormone: d2 receptor antagonists can cause galactorrhea. Clinical use: nausea and vomiting caused by chemicals, prochlorperazine also used in vertigo, metoclopramide and domperidone also used in gastric stasis. Clinical use: nausea and vomiting caused by chemicals, prevent or treat nausea and vomiting following cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery (prophylaxis of post operative nausea and vomiting)
