GEOG2205 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Putting-Out System, Futures Exchange, Trans-Cultural Diffusion
Week 2
Rebecca Myers
Week 2- Evolution of the Industrial Core
Pre-industrial Foundations:
• Merchant capitalism Europe
• Regional specialisation pathed way for interregional trade 15th/16th centuries
• Complex business innovations - banks, loans, company partnerships, futures market,
insurance
• Mercantilism and territorial expansion sustained self-propelled system (law of diminishing
returns)
Industrial Revolution
• Pre 1700 or manufacturing was:
1. Cottage industry: practised in farm homes, rural villages. Objects for family use
made in each household. Skills passed on through families.
2. Guild industry: professional organisation of highly skilled, specialised artisans engage
full time in their trades. Based in towns and cities.
• Textiles
• Metallurgy
• Mining
• Railroads - new modes of transport fostered additional cultural diffusion,
new industrial age pop culture penetrate untouched areas
Britain diffusion
• Held monopoly on industrial innovations
• Government tried to prevent diffusion, as having the monopoly = competitive advantage
• Growth and strength of British Empire
When technology diffused beyond Britain:
• Reached continental Europe late half of 19th cent
• Can be seen through diffusion of railroads (see firstly France, Belgium, the Netherlands and
Germany with railroads, then spreading outwards and to Eastern Europe)
• United States - 1850
• Japan - 1900, first major non-west country to enter industrialisation
• Russia, Ukraine – 1900s
American Industrial Revolution
• Agrarian until 1830s
• Textiles in north-east, otto proessig i the south → regional specialisation
• Co-location of industry and resources
• Role of communications and transport
• Emergence of a powerful manufacturing belt
Kondratieff Wave
• Explanation of the global economy showing that technological innovation produces long
periods of prosperity which comes in waves, followed by evolution and self-correction.
• Long term economic cycle
• Eventually, a crisis of capitalism arises and the prosperity falters
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Pre-industrial foundations: merchant capitalism europe, regional specialisation pathed way for interregional trade 15th/16th centuries, complex business innovations - banks, loans, company partnerships, futures market, insurance, mercantilism and territorial expansion sustained self-propelled system (law of diminishing returns) Industrial revolution: pre 1700 or manufacturing was, cottage industry: practised in farm homes, rural villages. Objects for family use made in each household. Skills passed on through families: guild industry: professional organisation of highly skilled, specialised artisans engage full time in their trades. Based in towns and cities: textiles, metallurgy, mining, railroads - new modes of transport fostered additional cultural diffusion, new industrial age pop culture penetrate untouched areas. Britain diffusion: held monopoly on industrial innovations, government tried to prevent diffusion, as having the monopoly = competitive advantage, growth and strength of british empire. When technology diffused beyond britain: reached continental europe late half of 19th cent, can be seen through diffusion of railroads (see firstly france, belgium, the netherlands and.
