IMED3004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Lightdark, Thyroglossal Duct, Parathyroid Gland
1 Nov 2020
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Endocrine organs produce hormones and/or molecules that travel from their site of synthesis to a target cell, via the blood stream. Pituitary gland: rathke"s pouch: oropharyngeal membrane stomodeum. Thus, the lining of the mouth is derived from ectoderm. Pituitary gland(aka cerebral hypophysis: hypo: under, phusis: growth. From surface ectoderm of rathke"s pouch: glandular appearance, more similar to what you"d expect from surface ectoderm. Pineal gland: means pine cone gland, aka cerebral epiphysis. Have a common evolutionary origin with the same photoreceptor genes as found in the retina: no longer photoreceptive in mammals, but neurologically linked to the retina"s photoreceptors. Spinal cord superior cervical ganglion pineal gland. Pineal gland secretes melatonin & helps set circadian rhythm. Interestingly, this doesn"t seem to result in insomnia . 40% of 17yo americans have calcified pineal glands. Corpora arenacea (means body sandy, or brain sand), show up on x-ray. Pharyngeal arch contributions: used to be gill arches & contained 3 important elements, skeletal/cartilage, 2.
