PHAR1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Horse Length, Barter, Excise
History of Alcohol Use in Australia:
Colonisation and alcohol – global perspective:
Some indigenous groups worldwide did make alcoholic products
- Low potency
- Not all indigenous made or enjoyed it
- Impact of high potency cheap modern alcohol was devastating
- Used as barter and cheap method of control and demoralization of indigenous populations.
Aboriginal use of alcohol pre contact?
- Little definitively known through archaeological evidence and early white accounts
- Aboriginal and Torres strait islander people may have
- Limited quantities and low potency
- Raw materials existed – coconut, fruits honey
- Unclear if traditional alcohol production is a pre- or post-contact phenomenon.
Early colonial drinking patterns in Australia:
Spirits: initially the most widely consumed alcoholic beverages
- Estimated 13.6L of pure alcohol osued per perso i N“W i 3’s.
- Mostly by males
local beer brewing industry quickly established (Emu and Swan)
’s eoomic downturn in eastern states = consumptions as low as 2 L per head
- But beer consumption up to 3 L per head in NSW and VIC.
Early attempts to control alcohol consumption in Australia:
Alcohol recognized as social problem in convict era
- Util ’s all hotels had to proide aoodatio ad eals to traelers eg. Not just
alcohol)
- 19th century- relatively unrestricted closing laws for pubs
- During/after WW1, early closing laws introduced – 6pm became standard closing time
- Drikig hours ega etedig slol agai i ’s ad ’s.
Temperance movement in Australia:
Female dominated – called for prohibition of alcohol manufacture and consumption
- B ’s, 70,000 active members in various groups
- Most groups imported from US
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- Ra alteratie drikig tets at puli eets – non alcoholic
Aboriginal Australians:
19th century – colonial legalization passed which prohibited aboriginal peoples access to alcohol
- tough penalties for selling to aboriginal people from 1843
- newspapers consistently took high critical approach to whites who distributed to them.
- Aborigines seen as dying race – weak and unable to resist allure of alcohol.
Women and public alcohol consumption in Australia:
Respetale oe did’t drik i puli bars (prostitution).
- Eolutio of the ladies saloo or ladies louge at hotels ith its o etrae.
- “oe pus did’t adit oe ee to the ladies louge ithout a ale esort.
-
Women and the alcohol trade in Australia:
Women worked and run pubs in 19th to 20th century
- Barmaid work through colonial and modern history
- Breweries and gov approved women-oed pus ore orderl ad good ifluee
- Publicans had to live on premises by law
- Employment opportunities for married or widowed women
Alcohol as a contributor to the national economy
Beer:
Domestically produced beer accounts for 93% of consumed in Aus
- Created 4,345 direct jobs in 2010-11
- Value of excises paid by aus brewing industry in 2010-11 was 1.96$ billion.
- Direct contribution to economy was $4.3 bil in 2010-11
Wine:
Australia world 6th largest producer of wine (1.2 bil L/year)
Supports 172,736 jobs – most in regional areas
Income from both direct and flow on employment in wine sector totals $10.4bil.
Contributes 40.2 billion to value of gross output for Australia.
Australian alcohol-related innovations:
Vegemite made from cast-off reers’ east produts.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Some indigenous groups worldwide did make alcoholic products. Not all indigenous made or enjoyed it. Used as barter and cheap method of control and demoralization of indigenous populations. Impact of high potency cheap modern alcohol was devastating. Little definitively known through archaeological evidence and early white accounts. Aboriginal and torres strait islander people may have. Raw materials existed coconut, fruits honey. Unclear if traditional alcohol production is a pre- or post-contact phenomenon. Spirits: initially the most widely consumed alcoholic beverages. Estimated 13. 6l of pure alcohol (cid:272)o(cid:374)su(cid:373)ed per perso(cid:374) i(cid:374) n w i(cid:374) (cid:1005)(cid:1012)3(cid:1004)"s. Mostly by males local beer brewing industry quickly established (emu and swan) (cid:1005)(cid:1012)(cid:1013)(cid:1004)"s e(cid:272)o(cid:374)omic downturn in eastern states = consumptions as low as 2 l per head. But beer consumption up to 3 l per head in nsw and vic. Early attempts to control alcohol consumption in australia: Alcohol recognized as social problem in convict era.
