SSEH3301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Buttocks, X-Ray, Dark Chocolate
Lecture 4: SSEH3301 RF Modification
-more obese than normal people in Australia !
!
-obese/overweight: can classify with these assessments!
-BMI: quick and easy but not accurate = because of
muscle mass!
!
-remember formula and category (table)!
-different classes of obesity (class 1, 2, 3)!
-doesn’t tell you if person weight is primarily from
fat or LBM!
- Arnold: very low body fat but high BMI = obese !
- use BMI a lot but use it with care (look at person,
visual idea if person fat/muscular)!
- BMI only on face value, doesn’t tell you fat %!
!
- more accurate of body composition = but lots of effort,
not easy to administer!
-weigh person in water and out of water = difference =
body density!
-Muscle > fat density!
- work out percentage of fat!
- uncomfortable, hold breath under water!
!
-small measurement of skin and layer of fat beneath!
-SF increases proportionally to increased fat
(assumption)!
- Non invasive, not expensive!
- BUT cannot predict fat %!
- SF best for looking at sum of SF, compare with SF 6
months later (example)!
- difficult to take SF from obese individuals (proper
pinch difficult to obtain from people with big
abdominal) = might be bigger than the calliper !
!
-W:H ratio, girth, diameter!
- ratio: waist circumference and hip circumference !
- If greater than cut off = probably carrying more fat
(wider at abdominal/waist region than it should be)!
- that fat closer to vital organ (better to be around
gluteal region (hip) than waist)!
- apple: big waist compared to hips!
-pear is better option in terms of health (more fat in
gluteal) = more likely to take up fat from circulation
= metabolic sink, trapping fats, preventing chronic
exposure of blood stream to high fat levels)!
- saggital diameter: measure thickness (front to back)!
-limitations for all of them: fat and LBM not differentiated!
-Above cut offs: must use professional judgement !
-send weak electrical current through body !
-Travels at different speeds along fat and muscles:
so the level of electrical resistance = you get % fat!
-limitations: influenced heavily by fluid levels
(dehydrated vs hydrated)!
-Especially for women: during period, retain more
fluid!!!
-Different measurement for different regions of
menstrual cycle!
- Must use in standardised conditions (menstrual/
fluid)!
-Best thing in the morning before intake fluid = weigh!
-scan body!
-Has X ray looking thing!
-Gets fat mass, LBM, bone mineral density!
-but expensive, radiation exposure, specialised training to
operate!
!
- might not have change in weight, but inch loss!!!! =
muscle gain, fat loss!
!
-increases risk of CVD because being obese increases
other RF!
-High cholesterol, BP, diabetes, not good diet!
-apple = android - fat in abdominal regions more mobile,
easily released in circulation = do damage to artery walls!
-Pear = gynoid!
!
- small change is helpful (eg. Obese to overweight)!
-CONSISTENT!!!! Important !
-If keep fluctuating = riskier profile than someone steady level
overweight!
- combination of diet and exercise!
-drug = not any effective drugs that can help!
-Only 1 approve for use: give 2-4kg of weight loss, comes with side effects (eg. Bowel habits,
digestive system, increase BP)!
Document Summary
Bmi: quick and easy but not accurate = because of muscle mass. Di erent classes of obesity (class 1, 2, 3) Doesn"t tell you if person weight is primarily from fat or lbm. Arnold: very low body fat but high bmi = obese. Use bmi a lot but use it with care (look at person, visual idea if person fat/muscular) Bmi only on face value, doesn"t tell you fat % More accurate of body composition = but lots of e ort, not easy to administer. Weigh person in water and out of water = di erence = body density. Small measurement of skin and layer of fat beneath. Sf best for looking at sum of sf, compare with sf 6 months later (example) Di cult to take sf from obese individuals (proper pinch di cult to obtain from people with big abdominal) = might be bigger than the calliper.
