EHR522 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, Insulin Resistance, Hyperinsulinemia
Document Summary
Underlying causes of type 1 diabetes (tid: type 1 diabetes. Strong relationship between t1d and other autoimmune diseases. Incidence in immigrants increasing: multiple possible triggers: First proposed by baum et al (1975) Accelerator hypothesis ilkin (2001: found higher bmi lead to diagnosis of t1d at a lower age. 2003 in usa prevalence of t1d children being overweight up from 12. 6% 1989 to 36. 8% in 1998: exact mechanism/relationship unknown. Underlying causes of type 2 diabetes: mechanism leading to type 2 diabetes. Number of theories: obesity, inflammation, immunity, beta-cell dysfunction, oxidative stress. Mechanisms linking obesity to t2d: traditional view was glucocentric", contributing factors: People with t2d have altered lipid metabolism. Obesity/weight gain/central adiposity: number of theories but no unifying hypothesis. Body fat & t2d the numbers: weight gain: 5 kg or > from 18 yrs, (cid:313) risk of t2dm between 30 50 yrs by 2 3 fold. Particularly if excessive weight is stored around the abdomen: central/visceral fat mass:
