BIOL1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Computational Phylogenetics, Monophyly, Carl Linnaeus
Document Summary
Phylogenetics = studies the evolutionary relationships between organisms, usually depicted as a branching tree diagram. Studies the similarities between molecular sequences (dna, rna, aas) Hypothesizes that every organism on earth evolved from a common ancestor luca (last universal common ancestor) Evidence = all phyla share the same genetic code. Fitness (eg: growth rate) can be reduced greatly by a number of pathogens. Phlogenetics was used to trace a closely related ancestor of maize (teosinte) which is. Pathogen resistant genes were then inbred to maize to increase fitness. As the human population increases, other environments (eg: rivers of fish) are. Phylogenetic analysis can help determine which river species is more diverse (and will survive longer) and should be conserved. Example: determining which environments to conserve: conservation: compromised. Phylogenetic relationships: clade = a group of organisms related by decent (ie: a clump, cladistic analysis = the comparison of features across animals, characters = observable phenotypes more general (eg: hair, fur)
