1102GIR Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Catherine Parr, Iranian Revolution, Religious Persecution
4 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
L11. Church and Religion
The Spanish Inquisition
• Tribunal del Santo Oficio de la Inquisición
o Followed earlier Medieval/Papal inquisitions to combat 'heresy'
o 1478-1834
o Conquests and reconquests of Spain
• Jews and Muslims, pogroms, suppression
o The problem of Conversos ('crypto Jews') and Moriscos
o Structure: Accusation - detention - trial - torture - sentencing - auto-da-fe
The English Reformation
• A complex comingling of theological and political agendas
• Political: Henry VII's concern with succession, 'failure' of Catherine of Aragon to produce a
male heir
o Also: Agitation at papal power and interference
• Theological: Powerful English voices supporting Protestantism
o Including Chancellor Thomas Cromwell and Queen Catherine Parr
• Result:
o Split from Rome, Henry declared head of Church of England (continues to this day)
o Catholic doctrine mostly retained ('Anglo-Catholicism')
o Persecution of both Catholics and doctrinal protestants
o No separation of church and state
Separation of Church and State
• Origins:
o Tensions throughout Middle Ages
o Divine right of kings vs. Catholic doctrine
o Protestantism
o Religious persecution and wars in Europe
o Peace of Westphalia
o John Locke: Right to freedom of conscience
• USA, First Amendment:
o "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the
free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of
people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of
grievances."
• Reality:
o A spectrum from complete separation (Singapore), through to State religions (e.g.
Israel), to designated religions/religious bans (Maldives: Sunni)
The Protestant Ethic
• The Reformation: Luther and Calvin
• All people have a 'calling'
o All worldly work as co-creation
• Profit a sign of God's blessing (predestination)
o But, you must reinvest
• No need for intermediaries between God and the individual
• Literacy, independent thought, enterprise
• This explains protestant wealth, also modern individualist notions of democracy
• Irrational rationality: The iron cage
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Document Summary
The spanish inquisition: tribunal del santo oficio de la inquisici n, followed earlier medieval/papal inquisitions to combat "heresy, 1478-1834, conquests and reconquests of spain. Jews and muslims, pogroms, suppression: the problem of conversos ("crypto jews") and moriscos, structure: accusation - detention - trial - torture - sentencing - auto-da-fe. Separation of church and state: origins, tensions throughout middle ages, divine right of kings vs. catholic doctrine, protestantism, religious persecution and wars in europe, peace of westphalia. John locke: right to freedom of conscience: usa, first amendment: The protestant ethic: the reformation: luther and calvin, all people have a "calling, all worldly work as co-creation, profit a sign of god"s blessing (predestination, but, you must reinvest. Literacy, independent thought, enterprise: no need for intermediaries between god and the individual, this explains protestant wealth, also modern individualist notions of democracy. Australia: state aid controversy: the powerful historical role of sectarianism (english/scottish protestant vs. irish catholic) in.
