MD 1010:12 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Alma Ata Declaration, Primary Healthcare, Ottawa Charter For Health Promotion
EH1 –8. Primary
Health Care
Learning Outcome
Primary health care according to the Alma Ata
Declaration
1. Describe the principles and elements of
primary health care and give examples of
primary health care services.
a. Principles
i. Equitable distribution of
health services
• Universally accessible and
comprehensive health care
• Prioritises those most in
need (equity) and addresses
health inequalities.
ii. Community participation
• Meaningful involvement of
the community in the
planning, implementation and
maintenance of health services
iii. Teamwork and coordination
of patient care
• Use of a trained local
workforce, multidisciplinary
teams and integrated referral
systems.
iv. Multisectoral collaboration
• Involves partnership with
other sectors to promote
public health
(eg community development,
food, industry, education,
housing, public works, etc).
v. Appropriate technology and
evidence-based
• Scientifically sound,
adaptable to local needs,
affordable and acceptable to
the community.
b. Elements
2. Identify types of disease prevention activities.
For example, immunisation is an example of
‘primary prevention’.
3. Illustrate prevention in primary health care
services through the application of national
preventive health guidelines (e.g. RACGP Red
Book; NACCHO/RACGP National Guide).
4. Discuss the five action areas of Health
Promotion according to the Ottawa Charter,
and provide examples of how the action areas
of health promotion can be applied to common
health issues.
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