BIOM30001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 36: Binge Drinking, Dsm-5, Caffeine
Document Summary
Substance/drug misuse: unsanctioned; involves risk without apparent harm. Substance use disorder (sud): (icd:who) & (dsm v) = chronic drug use resulting in [harm] problems. e. g. binge drinking. Substance dependence: daily physical need for the drug = homeostasis (neuroadaptation) Addiction: persistent/compulsive use despite clear harm e. g. gambling, gaming. Withdrawal: illness after stopping dependent use (neuroadaptation reversal) Lifetime prevalence: substance use disorders ~15-20%; dependence ~6-8% Majority don"t go on and become addicts, and dependence is not always life-long. Increasing prevalence: opioid use disorders (dependence) & opioid related deaths, analgesics. Overwhelming majority: suds & "addition" establish before third decade of life. Alcohol use disorders: lifetime risk disorder ~20%; ~25% seek medical help; ~15-20% gp patients; dependence ~4% m & 2% f; (~80% males, 65% females drink) Being described as a chronic disease, with relapsing symptoms. Some effects of the addiction can be chronic. Epidemiological studies show that only a small portion have a predilection to developing reward and tolerance to substances.
