PHIL10003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Equal Protection Clause, Preposition And Postposition
15 Jun 2018
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Lecture 16: Ethics book 1 & 2 - the fate of metaphysics
Book 1
Preposition 8: every substance is necessarily infinite
o The existence of a substance is as truthful as its essence
• Once u form the true idea of the thing, it doesn make sense for the skeptic to challenge u
• True idea doesn’t allow any further doubt -> it imposes itself on you
• There are only ever 2 options -> you either know that u know or know that you don’t
know
• Doesn't rely on the 'I' to come to his conclusion -> unlike descartes
Propositions 9-12:
• Substantial quality of attributes
• God is absolutely infinite
• Substance cannot be divided -> infinte in the sense that everything u can conceives
participates in it -> nothing 'missing' in nature
• Illusory to start w the 'I' -> descates' way
Proposition 15: whatever is, is in god, and nothing can be or be conceived without god
Proposition 32: will cannot be called a free cause, but only a necessary cause
Proposition 33: free will is an idea that is a self-contradictory idea -> things could not have been
produced by god in any other way or in any other order than is the case
Proposition 35: whatever we conceive to be within gods power necessarily exists
Proposition 36: nothing exists from whose nature an effect does not follow
Book 2: "of the nature and origin of the mind" -> against Cartesian
dualism
• Theory of the soul
• Distinction and relation of the attributes
• Parallelism thesis
• Ideas as judgement
Definition 3: "by idea I understand a conception of the mind which the mind
forms bc it is a thinking thing -> mind is the mode the attribute of thought takes
Axioms
1. The essence of man dies nit involve necessary existence; that is, from the order of nature
it is equally possible that a certain man exists or does not exist
2. Man thinks
Opening proposition: substantial distinction of the attributes
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