PHYS30001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 33: Vascular Smooth Muscle, Extracellular Matrix, Cardiovascular Disease
Document Summary
The early life environment: implications for vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Adverse environment: periconception in utero neonatal/infancy e. g. under nutrition, placental restriction, dietary components (e. g. protein, iron, vitamins), hypoxia, stress, poor lactation. Subjects grouped into 5 weight categories, incidence of hypertension recorded (1986 and 1994) Subjects grouped into 4 weight categories, incidence of hypertension recorded (55-60yr) Conclusion: the risk of developing hypertension is increased with decreased birthweight. Any factor or combination of factors can be targeted in early life, increasing the risk of. Red: red blood cells travelling through its central lumen. Yellow: an outer tunica adventitia layer merges with surrounding connective tissue - gives strength to vessel. Endothelial cell (ec) and vascular smooth muscle cell (vsmc) Ach (drug, not naturally produced by ec) is vasodilator, ach muscarinic receptor in ec triggers 3 pathways to vasodilation/relation. Predominant: no production stimulated by enzyme enos (endothelial no synthase) > increase cgmp > relax.
