ATS1338 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Escalator, Lexeme, Austronesian Languages
9 Aug 2018
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The pattern of phonemes which represents the morpheme (e. g. {book}) can exist in isolation. Others like (e. g. {plural} in books ) can"t. They are only found in the presence of others. There is a continuum from free to bound morphology. Clitics are a class of morphemes that lie between an independent word and an affix. Lean on neighbouring words rather than being pronounced as independent words in their own right. Roots, stems, and affixes independent form not (th)em cliticised form won"t give"em. Roots - single morphemes; core of the word. Can attach themselves to roots or constructions which consists of a root and 1 or more morphemes (these are called stems) Stems - morphemes to which an affix can be added. Go before the stressed part of the word. Good examples in austronesian languages (like tagalog -um- ) Circumfixes - words with circumfixes look like they have both a prefix and a suffix.
