ATS1365 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Gang Of Youths, Social Forces, Ingroups And Outgroups
8 May 2018
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INTRO TO SOCIOLOGY: LECTURE 4
Social Groupings
Last Time
• Socialisation – becoming who we are
• Nature or nurture?
• Theories about socialisation
• Gender as an example of socialisation
Today
1. Organising society
a. Statuses and roles
b. Groups, organisations and institutions
2. The social consequences of organising society
Organising Society
Structure and Agency
• Structure: social forces, or the recurring patterns of social interaction through which
people are related to each other, such as social institutions and social groups
• Agency: individual choice of the ability to influence your own life
Social Status
• The positions that a person occupies in society
• Two main types of status: ascribed and achieved
• Ascribed
• Statuses we are often given at birth
• We have little or no choice over these
• Ie. Daughter, teenager
• Achieved
• Status we work for, attained by our efforts and actions
• Ie. Occupation, parent
Social Roles
• The behaviour expected of someone with a particular status
Social Groups
• Social groups are two or more people who:
• Interact with each other
• Share a common sense of identity
• Have a shared set of expectations/norms
• Share awareness of the social boundaries of the group
• Primary Groups
• Closest, most intimate forms of association
• Mostly associate face-to-face
• Long-lasting
• Often smaller in size
• Foundation of social interaction in society
• Family = most primary group in your life
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Document Summary
Last time: socialisation becoming who we are, nature or nurture, theories about socialisation, gender as an example of socialisation. Today: organising society, statuses and roles, groups, organisations and institutions, the social consequences of organising society. Social status: the positions that a person occupies in society, two main types of status: ascribed and achieved, ascribed, statuses we are often given at birth, we have little or no choice over these. Daughter, teenager: achieved, status we work for, attained by our efforts and actions. Occupation, parent: the behaviour expected of someone with a particular status. Social groups: social groups are two or more people who: It connects us to people we have loose associations with, because they know others we also know. Consequences of social groupings: the groups we are members of, and who influence us, are one of the main building blocks of society, these can have significant consequences, positive, belonging, nurture, sense of self.
