PSYC3311 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Phoneme, Thai Poetry, Echoic Memory
Week 3 lec 2
Yesterday- cohort model + its problems
- Frequency effect and shigarette effect are most damaging
most widely accepted model these days → The TRACE model (e.g., McClelland & Elman,
1986)
Trace is an acronym for sthn
Model uses interactive activation (IA) as its framework
Specifically directed at speech processing
Glorified logogen model. More detailed than logogen model and incl. characteristics of cohort
model
Diff levels of analysis – lowest features. Units that correspond to features, phonemes and words
Unit = activation collecting device. At word level- these r logogens. Features- being voiced, or
fricative or velar
Activation passing up through pathways between phonemes and word and features and phonemes
(not depicted here)
We have to build in ordering processes
In addition to these excitatory links (red and blue lines) there r inhibitory links (within same
level- the looped connection. Words r in competition w each other).
Interactive cos as unit gets stronger at higher level, it sends activation to bottom level so increases
activation there as well.
Frequency effect (as revealed in the lexical decision task): Either a higher resting level of
activation in the word unit, or stronger links between the sublexical units and the word unit.
Can observe activation of individual units across time:
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Frequency effect and shigarette effect are most damaging most widely accepted model these days the trace model (e. g. , mcclelland & elman, Model uses interactive activation (ia) as its framework. More detailed than logogen model and incl. characteristics of cohort model. Units that correspond to features, phonemes and words. Activation passing up through pathways between phonemes and word and features and phonemes (not depicted here) In addition to these excitatory links (red and blue lines) there r inhibitory links (within same level- the looped connection. Interactive cos as unit gets stronger at higher level, it sends activation to bottom level so increases activation there as well. Frequency effect (as revealed in the lexical decision task): either a higher resting level of activation in the word unit, or stronger links between the sublexical units and the word unit. Can observe activation of individual units across time: diffident unit than any other word.
