CRIM1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Epigenetics, Bad Hindelang
CRIM1000: Developmental Theories
• Developmental theories:
➢ Assume that different factors (biological, psychological, sociological factors)
have different effects on offenders at differet ages ad stages i a persos
life
➢ Life-ourse riiology
➢ Try to explain what triggers start and end of offending.
• Trelays deelopetal origins of physical aggression:
➢ Focuses on early childhood aggression (by age 2)
➢ Examines learned vs innate violence
➢ Also introduces epi-genetics to understand: smoking, alcohol, diet etc.
• Philadelphia Cohort Study
➢ Wolfgang, Figlio and Sellin studied a male birth cohort (born 1943) through to
1963.
➢ Book 2 foud % of jueiles aouted for:
❖ 52% all juvenile contacts with police,
❖ 70% all felony offences.
➢ Small group of areer riials
➢ Implication? Lock up these chronic offenders.
• Cambridge Study of Delinquent Development (1961-1981)
➢ Data collection by Dr. Donald J West, taken over by David Farrington
➢ Followed criminal careers of 411 London boys born in 1953
➢ Self-report and interview data, psychological testing
➢ Collected data eight times over twenty four years
➢ Found:
❖ Small group of boys = major offences
❖ Childhood factors predict continuity of anti-social and criminal
behaviour in adulthood.
❖ Poverty, poor parenting and/or criminal family and personalities
marked by hyperactivity/impulsivity – increased risk of offending
❖ Adolescent offending motivated by desire for material goods,
excitement and status with peers.
❖ Effective parenting and consistent discipline reduces risk of offending
❖ Employment, marriage, residential relocation can encourage
desistance from offending.
• Pittsburgh Youth Study
➢ Explores:
❖ Development of antisocial and delinquent behaviour from childhood
to early adulthood.
❖ Risk factors that impinge on development
❖ Help seekig ad serie proisio of oys ehaioural proles
❖ Alcohol and drug use
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Assume that different factors (biological, psychological, sociological factors) have different effects on offenders at differe(cid:374)t ages a(cid:374)d stages i(cid:374) a perso(cid:374)(cid:859)s life. Try to explain what triggers start and end of offending: tre(cid:373)(cid:271)lay(cid:859)s de(cid:448)elop(cid:373)e(cid:374)tal origins of physical aggression: Focuses on early childhood aggression (by age 2) Also introduces epi-genetics to understand: smoking, alcohol, diet etc: philadelphia cohort study. Wolfgang, figlio and sellin studied a male birth cohort (born 1943) through to. Book (cid:894)(cid:859)(cid:1011)2(cid:895) fou(cid:374)d (cid:1010)% of ju(cid:448)e(cid:374)iles a(cid:272)(cid:272)ou(cid:374)ted for: Lock up these chronic offenders: cambridge study of delinquent development (1961-1981) Data collection by dr. donald j west, taken over by david farrington. Followed criminal careers of 411 london boys born in 1953. Collected data eight times over twenty four years. Small group of boys = major offences. Childhood factors predict continuity of anti-social and criminal behaviour in adulthood. Poverty, poor parenting and/or criminal family and personalities marked by hyperactivity/impulsivity increased risk of offending.
