NUTR2101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Acetaldehyde, Cysteine, Vitamin B3 Complex

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silverworm119

8 May 2018

School

Department

Nutrition

Course

NUTR2101

Professor

Dr Veronique Chachay

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Water Soluble Vitamin

Water Soluble

Vitamin

Vitamin B1

Thiamin

Vitamin B2

Riboflavin

Vitamin B3

Niacin

Vitamin B5

Pentanoic Acid

Vitamin B6

Pyrodoxine

Vitamin B7

Biotin

Active Form

TPP

FAD

FMN

NAD

NADH

CoA

PLP

Biotin

Conversion site

Liver

Tissue when

needed

Tissues

Liver

Absorption

Small intestine

as free thiamin

Bound to protein

freed by HCl in

stomach, absorb

in small intestine,

absorption by

active transport

Small amount is

absorbed in

stomach, mostly

absorbed in small

intestine

Since tightly

bounded by

protein, less is

being absorbed

Small intestine

Convert to B6 for

absorption but can

also absorb as PLP

when a lot PLP is

present

Biotinase unbind biotin

with lysine and HCl

Active transport for

absorption

Some produce in

microbiota depending on

microbiota profile in large

intestine

Transportation

In RBC as TPP

By protein carrier

in blood

Via portal vein to

liver

In RBC as

CoA

Via portal vein then

to liver Made PLP

in liver and bound

to Albumin

Storage

Liver, Muscle

and brain

Liver, Kidney

and Heart

Liver (limited)

Ever cell

Mainly in muscle

Liver, Muscle and brain

Excretion

As urine and bile

As urine; excess

cause bright

yellow urine

As urine

As urine and bile

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Document Summary

Bound to protein freed by hcl in stomach, absorb in small intestine, absorption by active transport. Small amount is absorbed in stomach, mostly absorbed in small intestine. Since tightly bounded by protein, less is being absorbed. Small intestine convert to b6 for absorption but can also absorb as plp when a lot plp is present. Some produce in microbiota depending on microbiota profile in large intestine. In rbc as tpp by protein carrier in blood. Via portal vein then to liver made plp in liver and bound to albumin. As urine and bile cause bright yellow urine. Detoxify acetaldehyde to acetate (needed for aldh2 ) Dairy milk, soy milk unless fortified beef liver, mushroom (sensitive to light) Synthesis acetyl coa from ketogenic branch chain aa. Involve in catabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Building block of hormones lipid steroids bile acid from acetyl coa. Glycogen to glucose for short term fasting involve (glycogenolysis)

Related Questions

1) The parasympathetic nervous system generally promotesdigestion. Innervation is via the vagus nerve. Ach binds tomuscarinic receptors. True or False?

2) Which of the following statements is correct?

a) The liver receives oxygenated blood from the hepatic arteryand deoxygenated blood from the hepatic portal vein. Branches ofboth veins carry blood into liver sinusoids. Hepatocytes absorboxygen, most of the nutrients, and some toxins. Needed substancesare secreted back into the blood. Blood then drains into thecentral vein and into a hepatic vein.

b) The liver receives deoxygenated blood from the hepatic arteryand oxygenated blood from the hepatic portal vein. Branches of bothveins carry blood into liver sinusoids. Hepatocytes absorb oxygen,most of the nutrients, and some toxins. Needed substances aresecreted back into the blood. Blood then drains into the centralvein and into a hepatic vein.

c) The liver receives oxygenated blood from the hepatic arteryand deoxygenated blood from the hepatic portal vein. Branches ofboth veins carry blood into liver central vein. Hepatocytes absorboxygen, most of the nutrients, and some toxins. Needed substancesare secreted back into the blood. Blood then drains into thesinusoids and into a hepatic vein.

d) The liver receives oxygenated blood from the hepatic arteryand deoxygenated blood from the hepatic portal vein. Branches ofboth veins carry blood into liver sinusoids. Kupffer cells absorboxygen, most of the nutrients, and some toxins. Needed substancesare secreted back into the blood. Blood then drains into thecentral vein and into a hepatic artery.

3) Regulation of secretion of saliva involves:

a) Parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation

b)Action of the inferior and superior salivatory nuclei in themedulla

c)Activity of the myenteric plexus

d)Activity of the submucosal plexus

4) Bile formed in the liver is transported to the gall bladderfor storage through which pathway? (Some steps may be omitted)

a)Bile duct, right and left hepatic ducts, common hepatic duct,cystic duct

b)Common hepatic duct, right and left hepatic ducts, bile duct,cystic duct

c) Right and left hepatic ducts, bile ducts, common hepaticduct, cystic duct

d) Bile ducts, common hepatic duct, cystic duct, right and lefthepatic ducts

5)Which of the following statements is incorrect?

a)Sodium ions are transported out of absorptive cells bybasolateral sodium pumps.

b) Negatively charged ions follow sodium or are moved out byactive transport.

c)Most water soluble vitamins are absorbed by activetransport.

d) Water absorption in the GI tract involves osmosis

6) Insulin is needed for carbohydrate metabolism because it

a)is required for the breakdown of complex carbohydrates

b)transports glucose in the bloodstream.

c)acts as a glucose receptor molecule on the cell surface.

d) is part of an active transport mechanism required for entryof glucose into cells

e)increases the insertion of a particular type of glucosetransport protein into the cell membrane

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NUTR2101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Acetaldehyde, Cysteine, Vitamin B3 Complex

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