ED2090 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Phonological Awareness, Lateral Thinking, Medical History
Intervention for Learning Difficulties
Lecture Two – Week Two
Types of Learning Disabilities: Dyslexia (Part One)
Dyslexia Spell
- https://dsf.net.au/
Terminology
• Disability (in the WA school system)
o refers to physical and intellectual disorders as well as autism.
▪ For example, cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy are physical disorders, whereas Down
Syndrome is an intellectual disability.
• Autism is a neurological disorder which affects the brain.
• Learning difficulty
o external contributing factors, responsive to intervention, not persistent problems.
• Learning disability
o internal contributing factors, lifelong, no cure, neurological, less responsive to intervention and
persistent problems.
o Receive funding and EA time
• Nonsense words
o ‘Quiddich’
Is dyslexia a disability?
• Australia doesn’t have a definition of dyslexia
o International Dyslexia Association definition
o Weekly email subscription
• In 2012 after much consideration the Australian Government (at the time) responded to the recommendations
of the National Dyslexia Working Party (see BB for links).
• One major acknowledgment was the acceptance that dyslexia is a disability and therefore comes under
national legislation, that being the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) Standards for Education (2005).
• What does this mean?
o These parents can make sure that their children, by law, are catered for
What is dyslexia?
• Why is dyslexia surprising?
o These students have a high IQ
▪ Struggle with blending and segementing
▪ Putting sounds together
▪ Cannot recognise what the sounds look like when they are written down
• Dyslexia is characterised by a difficulty with reading and writing that often appears to be surprising in a child
who otherwise appears capable and academically promising.
• Most current definitions of dyslexia focus on the fact that "accurate and fluent word reading and/or
spelling develops very incompletely or with great difficulty". This focuses on literacy at the 'word level' and
implies that the problem is severe and persistent despite appropriate learning opportunities (The British
Psychological Society, 1999).
• Spelling, comprehension, reading accuracy, reading rate, word identification and phonological coding are all
affected. (Dyslexia SPELD)
Prevalence
• 20-25% learning difficulties
• 3-5% dyslexia
• Roughly 100,000 in WA affected
Diagnosis
• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, 2013 (DSM-5)
• Used to define and classify mental disorders for the improvement of diagnoses, treatment and research
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Terminology: disability (in the wa school system) refers to physical and intellectual disorders as well as autism. For example, cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy are physical disorders, whereas down. Syndrome is an intellectual disability: autism is a neurological disorder which affects the brain. Learning difficulty: external contributing factors, responsive to intervention, not persistent problems. Learning disability internal contributing factors, lifelong, no cure, neurological, less responsive to intervention and persistent problems: receive funding and ea time, nonsense words. Is dyslexia a disability: australia doesn"t have a definition of dyslexia. International dyslexia association definition: weekly email subscription. This focuses on literacy at the "word level" and implies that the problem is severe and persistent despite appropriate learning opportunities (the british. Psychological society, 1999): spelling, comprehension, reading accuracy, reading rate, word identification and phonological coding are all affected. (dyslexia speld) Prevalence: 20-25% learning difficulties, 3-5% dyslexia, roughly 100,000 in wa affected.
