HLTH2510 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Pedometer, Problem Solving, Motivational Interviewing
Counselling for Behavioural Change
Success as a Health Professional, Exercise Physiologist or Exercise Scientist
• Will depend on you being able to change lifelong behavior to adapt healthy lifestyle
habits!!!!
Understanding Exercise Behaviour
▪ A number of theories and models available to determine appropriate strategies to
assist individuals to adopt and maintain regular Physical Activity;
1. Social Cognitive Theory
2. Trans theoretical Model (Stages of Change)
3. Health Belief Model
1. Social Cognitive Theory
• Based on principle of reciprocal determinism;
o The individual – emotion, personality
o Behaviour – past and current achievement
o Environment – physical, cultural and social
o All interact to influence behaviour!
• Central to this theory is Self-Efficacy
o Refers to ones beliefs that they can actually do the behaviour in question
o The higher the sense of efficacy the greater the effort
• Supporting Self-efficacy
• Performance accomplishment – developing a sense of mastery
• Vicarious experience or modeling – seeing others perform the activity
• Verbal persuasion – external cues to promote capacity to attain
2. Stages of Change (SoC)
• Developed to help understand behaviour change – readiness for change
• One of the most popular approaches
• 6 stages that include;
o Decisional balance – weighing the pros and cons of changing exercise
behaviour
o Self efficacy is lowest in the early stages and highest in the later stages
• Establish their readiness to change.
o Pre-contemplation
o Contemplation
o Preparation
o Action
o Maintenance
o Relapse
o Establish their level of commitment and motivation.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Pre-contemplation to Contemplation
• Process focus:
• Consciousness raising (increasing knowledge)
• Environmental re-evaluation (caring about consequences to others)
• Dramatic relief (being aware of risks of physical inactivity)
• Decisional Balance: Pros<cons
• Self efficacy: Low
Contemplation to Preparation
• Process focus:
• Consciousness raising (increasing knowledge)
• Environmental re-evaluation (caring about consequences to others)
• Self Re-evaluation (realising that being active is part of who they want to be)
• Dramatic relief (being aware of risks of physical inactivity)
• Decisional Balance: Pros>cons
• Self efficacy: Increasing
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Preparation to Action
• Process focus:
• Self Liberation (committing to change)
• Social Liberation (realising society is supportive of change)
• Decisional Balance: Pros>>cons
• Self efficacy: High
Action to Maintenance
• Process focus:
• Stimulus Control (using reminders and cues to encourage physical activity)
• Reinforcement Management (using rewards)
• Counterconditioning (substituting healthy alternatives for unhealthy
behaviours)
• Helping relationships (enlisting social support)
• Decisional Balance: Pros>>cons
• Self efficacy: High
3. Health Belief Model
• The HBM is based on the understanding that a person will take a health-related
action (i.e., being overweight) if that person:
o Feels that a negative health condition (i.e., being overweight) can be
avoided,
o Has a positive expectation that by taking a recommended action, he/she
will avoid a negative health condition (i.e., PA will help prevent weight
gain), and
o Believes that he/she can successfully take a recommended health action
(i.e., he/she can engage in PA comfortably and with confidence).
Concept
Definition
Application
1. Perceived
Susceptibility
One's belief of the
chances of getting a
condition
• Define population(s) at risk
and their risk levels
• Personalize risk based on a
person's traits or behaviours
• Heighten perceived
susceptibility if too low
2. Perceived
Severity
One's belief of how
serious a condition and
its consequences are
• Specify and describe
consequences of the risk and
the condition
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Success as a health professional, exercise physiologist or exercise scientist: will depend on you being able to change lifelong behavior to adapt healthy lifestyle habits!!! Pre-contemplation to contemplation: process focus, consciousness raising (increasing knowledge, environmental re-evaluation (caring about consequences to others, dramatic relief (being aware of risks of physical inactivity, decisional balance: pros>cons, self efficacy: high. One"s belief of the chances of getting a condition: define population(s) at risk and their risk levels, personalize risk based on a person"s traits or behaviours, heighten perceived susceptibility if too low, perceived. One"s belief of how serious a condition and its consequences are: specify and describe consequences of the risk and the condition, perceived. One"s belief in the efficacy of the advised action to reduce risk or seriousness of impact: perceived.
