PCOL2605 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Tissue Engineering, Biocompatibility, Biomaterial
23 Oct 2018
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Document Summary
Replace poorly functional parts of the body e. g. dialysis. Classification based on material source: autograft: tissue transplanted from another part of the body to the same individual. Isograft: from an identical twin: synthetic: - metals, ceramics, polymers, semi-conductor. Biocompatibility: ability of material to obtain an appropriate biological response in a given application in the body: bioinert: Has minimal interaction with its surrounding tissue. Fibrous capsule might form around bioinert implants > biofunctionality relies on tissue integration through the implant: bioactive: Occurs through a time dependant kinetic modification of the surface: bioresorbable. Dissolved (resorbed) and slowly replaced by advancing tissue (such as bone: osteofixation devices) First level: screening tests to evaluate toxicity, inflammatory and carcinogenic potential of materials. Third level: controlled clinical trial involving human volunteers. Increases the thickness of fibrous tissue, losing the implant = failure. If the material is not toxic and bioactive > an interfacial bond forms.
