PHSI2005 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Sliding Filament Theory, Myosin Light-Chain Kinase, Troponin

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Contraction mechanisms
Different than skeletal muscles (doesn’t use sliding filament model)
Characteristics of smooth muscle
Smooth muscle lacks the striations of skeletal and cardiac muscle
oBecause actin and myosin filaments are not regularly arrayed along the length of
the cell
oInstead, the arrangement of filaments is less regimented and occurs as a spiral
Spindle shaped
Can contract over greater range of lengths than striated muscle
Contractions are relatively slow with an extensive range of control, exceeding that of
striated muscle
Smooth myocytes can remain contracted for longer periods of time
This is how smooth muscles contract:
Cause by sliding of myosin and actin filaments over each other (cross-bridging)
Energy is provided by hydrolysis of ATP
Unlike cardiac/skeletal muscle, smooth muscle does not contain Ca-binding protein
troponin
Contraction is initiated by a calcium-regulated phosphorylation (calmodulin) of myosin,
rather than a calcium-activated troponin system (no troponin & tropomyosin)
1. Increased intracellular Ca2+
2. Ca2+ binds to CaM (calmodulin) activate mysoin
3. Ca2+-CaM activates MLC kinase (MLCK)- myosin light-chain kinase
4. MLCK phos. MLA increase ATPase activity
5. Creates muscle tension
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