300816 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Myocardial Infarction, Hypovolemia, Oncotic Pressure
Document Summary
Characterised by profound circulatory failure resulting in life-threatening hypoperfusion of vital organs. Irreversible neuronal injury - renal failure due to necrosis. Acute pancreatitis - infarction at watershed" areas. Death of part of the left ventricular myocardium reduces the heart"s functional capacity, and reduced stroke volume. Characterised by a loss of effective circulating blood volume. Haemorrhage; resulting from internal or external bleeding. Increased vascular permeability and/or dilation; resulting from anaphylactic reactions and neurogenic mechanisms. Redness (rubor) is due to dilation of small blood vessels within the damaged area. Heat (calor) is due to increased blood flow and vascular dilation. Pain (dolor) results from the stretching and distortion of tissues. Capillary hydrostatic pressure is increased and there is also the escape of plasma proteins into the extravascular; increasing the colloid osmotic pressure there. These escaped proteins may be important in the destruction of invading pathogens, and coagulation factors, including fibrinogen, may result.
