400907 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Task Analysis, Backward Chaining, Forward Chaining
22 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Week 7 - Additional Specialised Instructional Strategies
LEC
Error Correction
BLOCKING
Procedure 1 - blocking the error
1.Block the incorrect response, then
2.Re-present the cue and immediately
3.Provide as much additional prompting as necessary to ensure the learner performs correctly
4.Reinforce this correct performance
Suitable for:
Learners who may get anxious
New complex tasks
Learners with cognitive impairments
Tasks where errors cannot be made due to safety
SELF CORRECT
Procedure 2 - self-correction
1.When the learner makes an error or hesitates give 10-15 seconds to self-correct
2.Provide a statement indicating that an error has occurred
3.Provide verbal cue or verbal rehearsal of the last two steps k]correctly performed
Suitable for:
Adult learners with prior knowledge of the task
Confident learners
Strategies which promote Skill Acquisition (new skill)
Artificial cues and R+er must highlight those which occur naturally
Teach tasks within natural environments
Gradually fade level of instruction
CHAINING
Total task presentation = teach the whole sequence of the task
Forward chaining = start teaching from the first step of the task
Backward chaining = start teaching from the last step of the task
Total task presentation (most common)
Providing instruction on all steps simultaneously
More natural way of teaching a task
Produces faster overall learning
Preferred over other chaining methods
Forward chaining
One step at a time in a forward order
Remaining steps are either performed by the client with assistance or by the instructor
Useful for clients with intellectual disabilities with high support needs or for learners who
require instruction one step at a time
Backward chaining
Instructor helps student through or completes all steps of the TA up until the last step
R+ after last step is completed
End of chain = often associated to the reinforcer
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
3. provide as much additional prompting as necessary to ensure the learner performs correctly. Tasks where errors cannot be made due to safety. 1. when the learner makes an error or hesitates give 10-15 seconds to self-correct. 2. provide a statement indicating that an error has occurred. 3. provide verbal cue or verbal rehearsal of the last two steps k]correctly performed. Adult learners with prior knowledge of the task. Artificial cues and r+er must highlight those which occur naturally. Total task presentation = teach the whole sequence of the task. Forward chaining = start teaching from the first step of the task. Backward chaining = start teaching from the last step of the task. More natural way of teaching a task. One step at a time in a forward order. Remaining steps are either performed by the client with assistance or by the instructor.
