psy290 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Aids, Biopsychosocial Model, Shelley E. Taylor
19 May 2018
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Unit 7: Stress, Coping, and Health
Key Terms and Concepts
• acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (p. 625)
A disorder in which the immune system is gradually weakened and eventually disabled
by the human immunodeficiency virus
• acute stressors (p. 599)
Threatening events that have a relatively short duration and a clear endpoint
• aggression (p. 609)
Any behavior that is intended to hurt someone, either physically or verbally
• approach-approach conflict (p. 599)
A conflict situation in which a choice must be made between two attractive goals
• approach-avoidance conflict (p. 600)
A conflict situation in which a choice must be made about whether to pursue a single goal
that has both attractive and unattractive aspects
• avoidance-avoidance conflict (p. 600)
A conflict situation in which a choice must be made between two unattractive goals
• biopsychosocial model (p. 596)
A model of illness that holds that physical illness is caused by a complex interaction of
biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors
• burnout (p. 613)
Physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion that is attributable to work-related stress
• catastrophic thinking (p. 630)
Unrealistically pessimistic appraisals of stress that exaggerate the magnitude of ones
problem
• catharsis (p. 609)
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The release of emotional tension
• chronic stressors (p. 599)
Threatening events that have a relatively long duration and no readily apparent time limit
• conflict (p. 599)
A state that occurs when two or more incompatible motivation or behavioral impulses
compete for expression
• constructive coping (p. 611)
Relatively healthful efforts that people make to deal with stressed events
• coping (p. 608)
Active efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands created by stress
• defence mechanisms (p. 610)
Largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from unpleasant emotions such as
anxiety and guilt
• flight-or-fight response (p. 606)
A physiological reaction to threat in which the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the
organism for attacking (fight) or fleeing (flight) an enemy
• frustration (p. 599)
The feeling that people experience in any situation in which their pursuit of some goal is
thwarted
• general adaptation syndrome (p. 606)
Selye’s model of the body’s stress response, consisting of three stages: alarm, resistance,
and exhaustion
• health psychology (p. 596)
The subfield of psychology concerned with how psychosocial factors relate to the
promotion and maintenance of health and with the causation, prevention, and treatment of
illness
• immune response (p. 619)
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The body’s defensive reaction to invasion by bacteria, agents or other foreign substances
• Internet addiction (p. 610)
Spending an inordinate amount of time on the internet and being unable to control online
use
• learned helplessness (p. 608)
Passive behavior produced by exposure to unavoidable aversive events
• life changes (p. 600)
Any noticeable alterations in one’s living circumstances that require readjustment
• optimism (p. 621)
A general tendency to expect good outcomes
• post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (p. 613)
Distributed behavior that is attributed to a major stressful event but that emerges after the
stress is over
• pressure (p. 602)
Expectations or demands that one behave in a certain way
• primary appraisal (p. 598)
Initial evaluation of whether an event is (1) irrelevant to you, (2) relevant but not
threatening, or (3) stressful
• psychosomatic diseases (p. 616)
Physical ailments with a genuine organic basis that are caused in part by psychological
factors, especially emotional distress
• rational-emotive therapy (p. 630)
An approach to therapy that focuses on altering clients’ patterns of irrational thinking to
reduce maladaptive emotions and behavior
• resilience (p. 615)
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find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Key terms and concepts: acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) (p. 625) A disorder in which the immune system is gradually weakened and eventually disabled by the human immunodeficiency virus: acute stressors (p. 599) Threatening events that have a relatively short duration and a clear endpoint: aggression (p. 609) Any behavior that is intended to hurt someone, either physically or verbally: approach-approach conflict (p. 599) A conflict situation in which a choice must be made between two attractive goals: approach-avoidance conflict (p. 600) A conflict situation in which a choice must be made about whether to pursue a single goal that has both attractive and unattractive aspects: avoidance-avoidance conflict (p. 600) A conflict situation in which a choice must be made between two unattractive goals: biopsychosocial model (p. 596) A model of illness that holds that physical illness is caused by a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors: burnout (p. 613)
