LING 2P90 Lecture Notes - Lung Volumes, Central Nervous System, Brainstem

• School: Brock University
• Department: Linguistics
• Course: LING 2P90
• Professor: Richard Welland

Document Summary

Format the same, multiple choice and some diagrams (spyrograms, lung. All lectures and reading up until monday oct. 22 capacities etc. ) Children relative to adults: have smaller lungs and airways; smaller vc, use higher %vc, stop speaking at lower lung volumes, exert more effect when speaking. Fluency affects: # of syllable per breath group, amount of air used per syllable is greater. Neural substrates/control of tidal breathing: central nervous system, brainstem. Lower brain centre for breathing in the medulla; generates breathing cycle. Receives signals from chemoreceptors (from medulla and carotid bodies) & mechanoreceptors (from pulmonary apparatus) Suffer a brain steam stroke, it affects the medulla causing damage and you could die. Regulates o2 and co2 levels in arterial blood. Signals from brainstem reach muscles via peripheral nerves. Cortical control: primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, supplementary motor area, voluntary acts (e. g. , holding breath, learned activity (e. g. playing a wind instrument, singing, speaking)