CIVE 2700 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Epoxy, Open Hearth Furnace, Wrought Iron
9 Dec 2017
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Steel & alloys: 90% of metal used in the world is iron based (ferrous, teel is(cid:374)(cid:859)t a si(cid:374)gle (cid:373)ate(cid:396)ial, (cid:271)ut a fa(cid:373)il(cid:455) of alloys. Ferrous materials divided into 2 categories: steel: 0. 02-2. 11% carbon. Plain & low alloy (carbon) steels <5% alloy compounds. High alloy steels >5% alloy compounds: cast iron: 2. 1-6. 7% carbon. It is the carbon content that turns iron into steel! Plain carbon steels classified according to the carbon content: low-carbon 0. 02-0. 3, medium-carbon 0. 3-0. 7, high-carbon 0. 7-2. 11% Phase diagram: refers to lines that mark conditions under which multiple phases can coexist at equilibrium. Ferrite: holds little c, soft and ductile. Austenite: only possible in plain carbon steel at high temps. Cementite: holds great c, remainder is iron, very hard & brittle. ), less weldable: carbon contents above 2. 11, cast iron (too much iron carbide, very brittle, heat treatment can change the microstructure of the material. (different microstructures produce different strength, ductility, toughness, hardness and wear resistance. )
