CLCV 1003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Porta Maggiore, Capitoline Hill, Dioptra
19 Apr 2016
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Large polygonal masonry at cosa, 3rd century bce. Stones are cut to perfectly fit each other. Though lime mortar (cement) was used as early as the bronze age, the concrete we use today is form. Roman invention involves mixing lime with stone pebble aggregate of volcanic ash (pozzolana) Pantheon in rome, grotto at hadrian"s villa, tivoli. Opus incertum > concrete with stone into the mixture randomly. Opus reticulatem > stones in a reticular patter, like a net. Opus mixtum > combination of bricks and stones. Temple of minerva medica 4th century ce > decagonal, pottery in the walls (amphora) Basilica of maxentius early 4th century ce. Carried water from mountain springs into the city. One million cubic metres of water per day. Porta maggiore - roman city gate from 1st/3rd century ce. Using an inverted siphon when an aqueduct has to go into a valley. Groma > for straight lines and right angles. Dioptra > especially god for vertical angles.
