CRCJ 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Ritualism In The Church Of England, Edwin Sutherland, Infant Mortality

• School: Carleton University
• Department: Criminology and Criminal Justice
• Course: CRCJ 1000
• Professor: Lara Karaian

Document Summary

Cause of crime is external to the actual criminal: chances of committing a crime is affected by their environment and learned interactions with others. Differences between sociological & positivism: manifestation of social pathology in sociological theory. Similarities between sociological & positivism: both believe that we have agreement on values and norms in society. Crime is only defined as such based on how we define it at the time. 2 main functions of crime: adaptive function: forces society to change and adaptive, boundary function: reinforces social values and norms. Punishment helps redefine the good and bad in society. Crime helps us understand the good by defining the bad. Close relationship between norms and values helps define what is crime and how people react to those crimes. Social solidarity is present in every society. Collective conscience has a determinative roll in keeping people in check.