ENSC 2001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Seismic Hazard, Seismic Wave, Seismic Gap

• School: Carleton University
• Department: Environmental Science
• Course: ENSC 2001
• Professor: Quentin Gall

Document Summary

Low buildings = have higher natural frequency and affected by the faster waves p & s waves tend to vibrate low buildings more than the higher buildings. Tall buildings = lower natural frequency affected by the slower natural frequency surface waves. Surface waves tend to vibrate tall building. Earth material will react differently depending on the waves. Solidified homogenous igneous rocks shakes less, amplifies less than the lithified material. Sedimentary shakes more than crystal and igneous rock. You can compare the earthquakes magnitude (energy released by the earthquake) or compare their intensity (impact on people and structures) Earthquakes: sudden release of strain energy caused by rock rupture (though faulting) Deep waste disposal and saltwater removal during has production underground disposal of liquid waves this causes increase in fluid pressure and induce further faulting and then earthquakes. Conversely removing salt water during gas production produces swarms of small earthquakes. Critical in reducing loss of life and loss of property.