PSCI 2101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Single Transferable Vote, Instant-Runoff Voting, Open List
26 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Formal processes of political participation elections and parties. Also known as first past the post system and used exclusively in single member districts. Candidate who wins more votes than any other (the plurality of votes) is awarded the seat. Arguably the most simple, but leads to high instances of wasted votes. Candidates must win a majority of votes (50%+1) in order to win a seat. French, austrian, and portuguese system of presidential elections. Three main types: run off systems: multiple ballots that see an elimination of candidates as votes progress. Candidate with most amount of 1st preference wins. Used within most european states and seats are allocated in rough proportion of popular vote. Two key elements impact proportionally and success of smaller parties. Two keys to proportionality and success of smaller parties: electoral thresholds: minimum voters needed for candidate to get a seat, district magnitude: how many mps between each individual riding.
