RELI 2732 Lecture : Islam.doc
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Which person best represents Kantian deontology?
Susie refused the take Jimmy's life because to kill him would be to treat Jimmy purely as an instrument or object to whatever end she was trying to achieve. | ||
Susie refused to take Jimmy's life, even in self defense, because in her religion it is considered a sin for which she will be punished by her god. | ||
Susie refused to take Jimmy's life because if all people were to take the lives of others the world would be chaos. | ||
Susie refused to take Jimmy's life because doing so would make her a vicious person. |
According to Kant's theory, being capable of acting morally means you have dignity and to have dignity means you are priceless. Things and persons who lack this capacity, lack moral worth.
True
False
According to Kant's theory, there are certain actions, such as lying, that we are never permitted to do regardless of the affects of those actions on others.
True
False
What gives humans value for Kant?
Being valued by others. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Having the capacity to reason. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Having capacity to love others. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acting morally. All are important components in KantĆ¢ĀĀs theory except for which of the following:
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Question 5
Which of the following is FALSE:
Natural selection has foresight, and can mold organisms in accordance with environments in the far future. This is why organisms have a good "fit" to their environments long after they have arisen through speciation. |
Selection is an undirected process that can only ever work with the materials at hand. |
Human beings have foresight because they possess brains that can think about possible outcomes and the consequences of actions. This is different to a process like natural selection. |
The fact that natural selection has no foresight does not mean that it is incapable of producing beings that have foresight. |
Question 6
The wings of bats, birds and flying insects are examples of:
Convergently evolved traits (at least in terms of their basic functionality). |
Homologous traits. |
Plesiomorphies. |
None of the above. |
Question 7
The effect of a trait depends on the environment because:
Organisms decide to change their behavior every so often to evade predators. |
It is only ever in the context of an environment that these traits can exist, and whether they assist the organism or inhibit it will depend on the particularities of that environment in which it must interact. |
Sexual selection will not tolerate wasteful and extravagant displays. |
The environment is changing too fast for the organism to keep up with in terms of its conscious appreciation of it, so it must rely on its traits to do the work. |
Question 8
Which of the following is TRUE:
Natural selection is not random; mutation is random; speciation is necessarily driven by natural selection. |
Natural selection is not random; mutation is random; speciation is not necessarily driven by natural selection. |
Natural selection is random; drift is random; speciation is not necessarily driven by natural selection. |
Natural selection is not random; mutation is random; speciation must occur through the evolution of pre-zygotic barriers to mating. |
Question 9
Heritability is:
The same as inheritance. |
Another way of stating the degree to which a trait is genetic (for example, you could say that the color of your skin is "80 percent genetic and 20 percent environmental") |
The proportion of variance of a trait in a population that is attributable to genetic variance in that population. |
Present in populations, but not necessary for evolution by natural selection. |