BIOL-1506EL Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Ammonia, Sensory System, Streptococcal Pharyngitis
27 Jun 2018
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Day 4 - Prokaryotic Cell
-Bacteria and cyanobacteria (blue green algae)
-have to use something stronger then just a microscope to see bacteria, but blue
green algae is bigger and can be seen with a normal microscope
-most bacteria are beneficial to us
-ex. ecoli bacteria is used in our digestive tract which allows us to digest cellulose
with the enzymes they provide since we can't do this alone (symbiotic relationship)
-ex. greek yogurt is made of bacteria
Shapes
-Cocci -> spherical shaped
-can cause strep throat
-Baccilli -> rod shaped
-Spirilla -> spiral shaped
-Antibiotics will fight bacterial infections, but will not fight viral infections
-ex. penecillin
-Historically they did not have antibiotics, which would allow bacterial infections to run
rapid and cause death quickly
-this is what occurred during the plague (black death)
-bacilli bacteria, which was originally found in rodents during this time, which
infected the soldiers that crossed these areas and ate these rodents
-this then transferred to italian army, which transferred to Italy, and then to the rest
of Europe, and eventually caused 70% of the population of England to die
-there were no antibiotics to treat this
-some survived and were shown to have different DNA (same thing that occurs with
AIDS now)
-this is still around, but we now have antibiotics to fight them
Chemical taxonomy (to classify bacteria)
-exposing bacteria to different stains, and seeing how they react, to see which
bacterial type it is
-Gram stain:
-positive -> turns purple
-negative -> turns pinks (the more pathogenic the more pink it turns)
General Organizations
-1-10 (mu)m
-haploid: single genetic strand
-therefore bacteria have 1 set of genes
-(humans have 2 set of genes)
-DNA is found in nucleic region
-there is no nucleus in prokaryotic cells
-surrounded by cytoplasm
Document Summary
Have to use something stronger then just a microscope to see bacteria, but blue green algae is bigger and can be seen with a normal microscope. Ex. ecoli bacteria is used in our digestive tract which allows us to digest cellulose with the enzymes they provide since we can"t do this alone (symbiotic relationship) Ex. greek yogurt is made of bacteria. Antibiotics will ght bacterial infections, but will not ght viral infections. Historically they did not have antibiotics, which would allow bacterial infections to run rapid and cause death quickly. This is what occurred during the plague (black death) Bacilli bacteria, which was originally found in rodents during this time, which infected the soldiers that crossed these areas and ate these rodents. This then transferred to italian army, which transferred to italy, and then to the rest of europe, and eventually caused 70% of the population of england to die. There were no antibiotics to treat this.
