BIOL-1506EL Lecture 14: Day 14 - DNA Vitamins
27 Jun 2018
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Day 14 - DNA / Vitamins
COPY DIAGRAM
-After replication, there will be a single strand that is replicated, this process is
controlled by RNA polymerase
-this process is called polymerization, which is the process of taking small pieces
and putting them together in a chain
-In eukaryotic cells we have enzymes that modify the RNA, by removing the introns
and rearranging the exons, these are the code that will go to the cytoplasm and code
for certain proteins
-Only the exons go to the cytoplasm, and introns do not
-There are 3 types of RNA’s that are produced in this process:
-mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA, and rRNA (ribosome RNA)
-Review of DNA replication (transcription):
1. This will begin at the replication fork
2. Helicase will bind onto the DNA and unzip it
3. DNA gyrase will untwist the DNA to relieve the tension that could make it super coil
4. Single strand binding proteins will bind onto both single strands of DNA to satisfy their
desire to re-attach to their complimentary bases
5. DNA primase will lay down RNA primers to tell DNA polymerase 3 where to start
polymerization
6. DNA polymerase 3 will bind onto the primers and begin polymerization in the 5’ to 3’
direction by adding DNA nucleotides to the strands
7. DNA polymerase 1 will replace RNA primers with DNA nucleotides
8. DNA ligase will bond any separations present between okazaki fragments
9. DNA polymerase 2 will partake in proof reading the replicated DNA
-REVIEW TRANSCRIPTION VIDEO
-Transcription will produce the 3 types of RNA
-In translation the mRNA will go into the cytoplasm of the cell and will attach itself to a
ribosome to code for a codon, which is a 3 nucleotide chain
-One codon will code for one amino acid that will be part of the protein that is being
expressed
-The anticodon will be the opposite template for the codon
-The ribosomes will come in and polymerize everything together, and this will create the
protein being expressed, by putting together all the amino acids in the codons
-this protein could be an enzyme, hormone, pigment, etc.
Document Summary
After replication, there will be a single strand that is replicated, this process is controlled by rna polymerase. This process is called polymerization, which is the process of taking small pieces. Only the exons go to the cytoplasm, and introns do not. There are 3 types of rna"s that are produced in this process: Mrna (messenger rna), trna, and rrna (ribosome rna) Transcription will produce the 3 types of rna. In translation the mrna will go into the cytoplasm of the cell and will attach itself to a ribosome to code for a codon, which is a 3 nucleotide chain. One codon will code for one amino acid that will be part of the protein that is being expressed. The anticodon will be the opposite template for the codon. The ribosomes will come in and polymerize everything together, and this will create the protein being expressed, by putting together all the amino acids in the codons.
