ANTH-101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Oldowan, Experimental Archaeology, Fertile Crescent
1 Sep 2016
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The paranthropus line (2. 5 -1. 3 mya) (aka. Robust bigger, larger, stockier: paranthropus aethiopicus, paranthropus boisei, paranthropus robustus. Paranthropus behavior: adapted to a diet of course vegetation (grinding teeth, strong sexual dimorphism, possible gorilla like behavior, extinction may be due to a specialized diet. The habilines (2. 4 1. 6 mya: homo habilis & homo rudolfensis, one species or two species, transitional forms. Habiline characteristics: larger brains (600-800 cc, rounder skull, smaller teeth (more humanlike, dental arcade more parabolic, less facial prognathism, postcranial like australopithecines. Dmanisi: use of fire, simple stone tools, oldowan tools. Lower pleistocene hominins (1. 8-400 kya: homo erectus/homo ergaster, one species or two, lived during a cooling period. Characteristics of homo erectus/ergaster: larger body (1. 5 to 1. 8 m?, larger brain (800 cc to 1200 cc, robust built (muscular, less sexual dimorphism, higher skull (forehead, less prognathic, smaller jaws and teeth, larger supraotibal torus, occipital torus.
