BIOL-103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Visual Pollution, Biogas, Common Ethanol Fuel Mixtures
3 Oct 2018
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> wind: unequal warming (surface and atmosphere) > regional differences in pressure. 2001 to 2017 increased by 22. 6x: canada is 9th in the world. Cons: steady winds needed, backup systems needed when winds are low, high land use for wind farm, visual pollution, noise when located near populated areas, may interfere in flights of migratory birds and kill birds of prey. In the poorest ldcs: ~90%: developing countries: ~30%, canada: 4%; usa: 3%, corn crop is used to produce ethanol. Brazil produces the most of the rest of the world"s ethanol, from sugarcane residue. The production of ethanol in canada and worldwide has grown rapidly in the last decade. Biogas: methane: ~60%, co2: ~40%, biogas digesters: china > 1 mill. Gasohol: 90% gasoline, 10% alcohol, up to 30% < co2, up to 15% < n-oxides. Pros: high octane, some reduction in co2 emissions, reduced co2 emissions, can be sold as gasohol, potentially renewable.
