HIST-281 Lecture 6: 5 Ways
5 Nov 2020
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He offers these as an intensification on anselm"s proposal. Reason can lead us to the idea of god: motion, efficient causes, possibility and necessiyt, gradation of being, design. The third way: argument from possibility and necessity. For each contingent being, there is a time it does not exist. Therefore it is impossible for these always to exist. Therefore there could have been a time when no things existed. Therefore at that time there would have been nothing to bring the currently existing contingent beings into existence. We reach an absurd result from assuming that every being is a contingent being. It doesn"t receive its existence from another being but rather causes them all. He allowed hre frederick ii to run roughshod over much of italy: gregory ix. He excommunicated frederick ii for failing to go on crusade in the holy land. Frederick indicated that he was fine being excommunicated.
