PHIL-125 Lecture 1: Logic
11 Jan 2020
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Logic: logic: a study of methods and principles of correct reasoning. Logic has assisted in humans becoming the dominant species in the world. Can be divided into 2 different approaches: formal/symbolic logic: analyzes reasoning for its structure. Some structures are correct while some are psychologically tempting. Reasoning gradually fades into an argument: started with aristotle in ancient times, sentential logic: identifying forms of arguments with sentences being symbolized, predicate logic: identifying forms of arguments where symbols are used to replace names of components. "all men are mortal" and "snakes are horrible creatures" can be seen as such. Category of men, of mortality, of snakes, of creatures: socrates: accused of atheism and corrupting the youth (groundless charge). He wasn"t an atheist but had a different view of god than allowed. Charged for political reasons and perceived as a person dangerous to the political regime. He was given a chance to escape but he refused to uphold the "rule of law".
