GEOG 217 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Arizona Transition Zone, Land Values, Ernest Burgess
18 May 2018
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GEOG 217: January 23rd, 2018
The Internal Structure of the City:
Note: Will no longer be looking at the relationships between cities, but the internal structure of cities
- Review
- Concentric Zone Model
o Social space
- Sectoral Model
o Land use
- Multiple Nuclei Model
o Historical development
Review: Urban Systems:
- A fascinating pattern:
o See two distinct groups of cities in Canada:
▪ The larger cities tend to be close to the Rank Size Rule
▪ The smaller cities tend to lie well below the Rank Size Rule (smaller
populations than the Rank Size Rule would predict)
- Interpretation of pattern:
o The top cities that conform to the prediction have diversified industrial and service
economies
▪ Exceptions: Calgary and Edmonton (driven by the extraction industry)
o The second set of cities that do NOT conform to the prediction have principally
agriculture, or resource economies
- An urban systems approach helps us understand the growth and decline of cities overtime
o For example, once the top cities are established, they tend to be relatively stable
▪ Because their economies are stable
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
o With that being said, sometimes urban systems do change. Change occurs with
economic transitions and new technologies
- Cities whose economies are diversified are less vulnerable to economic shifts (and vice versa)
Before Getting Into Models:
- Models just describe the patterns of land use and social space
- They try to distinguish general patterns occurring in cities of North America
- Different groupings will occur in cities based on race/ethnicity, populations, family structures,
class, land use
o The social mosaic of the city
o They are patterns that arise from the combination of these previous factors
- Are these differences random? Or do they follow a consistent pattern?
o Answer: A pattern exists
Classic Models of North American Cities:
- All three examples developed in Chicago
- The scholars were trying to understand the process of urban change
- Note: No one city conforms to any one model
- They allow us to think of the relationship between urban processes and pattern
o By looking at the patterns, we can identify the processes
Burgess: Concentric Zone Model: (Classic Model)
- Developed by Ernest Burgess in the early 1920s
- Is based on only one city (Chicago)
- Pattern at the Time:
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Note: will no longer be looking at the relationships between cities, but the internal structure of cities. Change occurs with economic transitions and new technologies. Cities whose economies are diversified are less vulnerable to economic shifts (and vice versa) Models just describe the patterns of land use and social space. They try to distinguish general patterns occurring in cities of north america. Different groupings will occur in cities based on race/ethnicity, populations, family structures, class, land use: (cid:498)the social mosaic(cid:499) of the city, they are patterns that arise from the combination of these previous factors. Or do they follow a consistent pattern: answer: a pattern exists. The scholars were trying to understand the process of urban change. Note: no one city conforms to any one model. They allow us to think of the relationship between urban processes and pattern: by looking at the patterns, we can identify the processes. Developed by ernest burgess in the early 1920s.
