INDG 401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Food Security, Traditional Food, Water Scarcity
9 Jun 2018
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Food security – dimensions in a dynamic world
• Food security
o Exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to
sufficient safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food
preferences for an active and healthy life – world food summit
o Dimensions of food and nutrition security
▪ Availability
▪ Access
▪ Utilisation
▪ Stability
o Convergence of issues
▪ Need to look at technology, innovations, markets, policy, distribution,
infrastructure, human resource and experience outside the sector for
sustainable solutions
▪ Climate change -> population growth -> energy supply -> water scarcity ->
changing food dynamics with increased incomes -> rising conflicts and
incidence of severe poverty in several parts of the world -> enormous
pressure on global food systems (previously un-encountered)
• Food security and agriculture – intricately linked
o The role of non state actors was low but expanded in the face of inability of the
governments to manage the emerging complexity in food and agriculture
o International trade, climate change, social media, technology, financial markets,
severe pressure on land and water
• Evolving dynamics – business of food
o Emerging supply chains
o New distribution platforms in the shape of modern retail, commerce
o Rising proportion of high value agriculture
o High interest of financial markets in agricultural commodities
• Roots of food security issues
o Traditional food security narrative
▪ Limited to agriculture production and distribution
▪ However, the issues around it are far more complex
o The roots of toda’s food iseurit … at least part of it: iestets i
agriculture declined
o Ee the aid to agriulture hih as % of total assistae i the late ’s,
declined to 6% of USD 800 billion in 2016
• Traditional response to food insecurity
o Buffer stocking of food grains
o Emergency relief
o Subsidised food distribution
o Raising agricultural production
o Trade policy as a tool
o Fiscal support for farm procurement
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