NUR1 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Glycoconjugate, Glycosylation, Pentose

• School: McGill University
• Department: Nursing
• Course: NUR1 200
• Professor: Frederick P Nestel

Document Summary

Plants use h2o and co2 into plant carbohydrates (starch, cellulose) Oxidation of carbohydrates is the main energy-yielding pathway. Carbohydrates also form glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, glycolipids: covalently bonded to protein. Oligosaccharides: 3-9 monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds: often covalently bound to proteins or lipids = glycoconjugates. Polysaccharides: can also be bound to proteins or lipids and act as information carriers. Monosaccharides with 5 or more carbons exist predominantly in a cyclic form in solution (since it"s most stable in that form) Ex) homopolysaccharides: same monosaccharide is added a bunch of times to form a polysaccharide a: storage forms used as energy source (ex: starch, glycogen, structural elements (chitin, cellulose) Ex) heteropolysaccharides: glucose-sucrose-fructose-etc: many diff subunits forming polysaccharide (for extracellular support peptidoglycan, extracellular matrix) Some enzymes may be active alone while others require cofactors (inorganic ions or coenzmyes obtained from diet) Cofactors tightly bound to its enzyme are termed prosthetic groups.