POLI 342 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Minjung, Liberation Theology, Second Vatican Council
11 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Political participation and resistance in SK
Class discussion:
• Does south Korea have an active civil society?
• Freedo House dograded “outh Korea’s freedo of the press status fro free to partly
free i ad other iteratioal reports also raised concerns on the status of freedom of
expression in the country.
o Recently there's been more repression
• Freedo House dograded “outh Korea’s freedo of the press status fro free
to partly free i ad other iteratioal reports also raised concerns on the
status of freedom of expression in the country.
o Radical groups are not accommodated for
State-society interaction under different regime type
1. Under authoritarian regime: How did social groups participate in politics?
• Open resistance: The Minjung movement
o Longitudinal perspective
• Which social groups? Christian groups and students
• Why them?
o Difficult due to martial law, oppression, high cost
o Need to be organized to make a difference
o Students were very active and radical
• Need to overcome elitist thinking and unite with other groups such as farmers and
workers
o Unions were organized by the government and were allowed to be active
o Religious groups
• Christian
Under authoritarian rules
A. Minjung Christianity
• Can use the religious meetings as an excuse to organize
• Do not have ties to communism
o Does not give government an excuse to crack down on them
1. Protestants
o Everyone is equal and people should not have sole authority
• Organization: National Christian (Church) Council, influenced by activists in the Presbyterian
Church of Korea
• 1973: Easter Sunrise Service on Mount Namsanin Seoul by the Seoul Metropolitan Mission group
2. Catholics
• Vatican II (1965-‐ ad Pope Joh XXIII’s all
• Liberation theology in Latin America
o Help poor and anti-authoritarian regime
o Connect theology and religious teachings
• Cathedral in Seoul issued a manifesto
o Delaratio of Deoray ad Natioal “alatio
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