POLI 342 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Roh Tae-Woo, Corruption Perceptions Index, Syngman Rhee
11 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Corruption in South Korea
Indicators of Corruption
• Taspae Iteatioal ’s Couptio Peeptio Ide -10 score, 10 is the least corrupt)
• SK is more corrupt than Japan (5.5 vs 7.8)
• Higher corruption in SMG (Seoul Metropolitan government) and NEC (National election
commission)
Structural corruption
• There are several anti-corruption campaigns as election platforms (unlike Japan)
o This is because people's attitudes towards corruption are less accepting in SK
• However, there is persistent "grand corruption"
o If someone is elected on an anti-corruption platform they become corruption once they
enter government
• Number of public officials disciplined and indicted on bribery chargers has taken a steep decline
from 2000 (until 2006)
• Public are visibly discontent with corruption
Structural corruption
• Rhee Syngman (1948-1960):
o Kickbacks in exchange for low government rate for foreign exchange and Japanese assets.
o Chag Mo Aug ‐Ma : eated a speial La fo Dealig ith Illiit Wealth
Accumulation
• He was a South Korean statesman and diplomat
• Park Chung-Hee (1962-1979):
o Nole Cause Couptio
• Argued that it is for the common good and the nation's benefit
• Not often persecuted if it is done with foreign businesses
o utual hostage
• State control over financial sector
o Board of Audit and Inspection was created in 1963
• Little tolerance towards Individual corruption such as looting
• Highly organized state operation in fund-raising
• Chu Doo‐Ha -1987): Individual corruption, cheating and forceful looting
o Anti-corruption measure:
• Public Servants Ethics Act created in 1981: there must be a disclosure of assets
o Systematic embezzlement through family members
• His elder brother, Chun Kyonghwan embezzled and misappropriated revenues from
the new village movement (over 1 billion won), and tax evasion
o Foed uasi‐taes politial doatios o Chaeol to otiute to his foudatios
(headed by him and his wife)
o Cheating: spent 300 billion won in 1981 NA election through bribing voters during his tour
with money and gifts
• Roh Tae Woo ‐, st deoati goeet
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