PSYC 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Depth Perception, Retina, Operant Conditioning
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PSYC 100 Full Course Notes
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Harlow:+ monkeys+ in+ cages+ with+ mothers+ one+ made+ out+ of+ wires+ that+ provided+ food+ and+ one+ made+out+of+cloth+that+looked+cuddly. + the+monkeys+were+clinging+on+to+the+cloth+mother. +the+ mothergasgfoodgtheory+ was+ no+ more+ good. + his+ findings+ established+ the+ importance+ of+ contact+ comfort. ++ Attachment+ behaviours+ begin+ in+ the+ 1st+ months+ of+ life+ and+ may+ vary+ somewhat+ on+ cultural+ practices. +at+around+8g12+months,+infants+display+separation+anxiety,+in+which+they+become+very+ distressed+when+they+can"t+see+or+are+separated+from+their+attachment+figures. ++ Secure( attachment:+ a+ majority+ of+ infants+ (65%)+ are+ readily+ comforted+ when+ their+ attachment+ figure+returns+after+a+brief+separation. +he+is+distressed+when+the+attachment+figure+leaves. ++ Avoidant( attachment:+ applies+ to+ 20g25%+ of+ children. + he+ doesn"t+ appear+ distressed+ when+ the+ attachment+figure+leaves. +if+upset,+they+may+be+comforted+by+the+stranger. +when+the+caregiver+ returns,+the+child+doesn"t+want+a+reunion,+but+rather+ignores+or+snubs+the+attachment+figure. +if+ he+approaches+the+attachment+figure+he+does+so+tentatively+ Children+ with+ behavioural+ problems+ are+ more+ likely+ to+ be+ insecurely+ attached. + the+ caregiver"s+ personality+ also+ contributes+ to+ the+ child"s+ attachment+ style. + emotionally+ and+ behaviourally+ inconsistent+caregivers+tend+to+have+children+with+and+anxious/ambivalent+attachment+style+and+ rejecting+caregivers+tend+to+have+children+with+an+avoidant+attachment. + Chemistry( of( attachment:+ oxytocin+ is+ related+ to+ social+ behaviours+ including+ infant/caregiver+ attachment. + it+ plays+ a+ role+ in+ maternal+ tendencies,+ feelings+ of+ social+ acceptance+ and+ bonding,+ and+ sexual+ gratification. + higher+ level+ of+ this+ hormone+ was+ predicting+ a+ better+ maternal+ attachment. ++ Preferential+ looking+ technique:+ infants+ are+ shown+ 2+ things;+ they+ look+ at+ the+ one+ that+ interests+ them+the+longest. +