BIOLOGY 1M03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Natural Selection, Keratinocyte, Dark Skin
11 Dec 2015
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Human evolution: evolution of human skin colour, lactase persistence. Out of africa model based on data using mtdna, non-recombining part of the y chromosome, and autosomal genes. Chimpanzees populations pink bars represent average substitutions per nucleotide comparing two individuals drawn from same population. Bottlenecks or founder events lead to genetic variation decline. Accumulations of mutations allow determination of phylogenetic history of non-recombining dna (accumulated mutations can be determined by examining mitochondrial dna because they don"t recombine and date back to an ancient ancestor) In part, this is possible because non-recombining dna can be traced back to a single copy of ancient ancestor. All our mtdna can be traced back to mitochondrial eve, If a mother only has sons, mtdna will be lost haplotype. The dots represent slight differences in nucleotides in mtdna mtdna lineage. Most eurasians have 2% neanderthal dna in us. Denisova dna can be found in asians 0. 5%
