CHEM 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Thermodynamics, Thermodynamic System, Thermite

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 1A03
• Professor: Jeff Landry

Document Summary

Spontaneity: occurs without the input of any additional energy, ex. rusting of iron. Entropy: related to the disorder, or the number of different ways a thermodynamic system can be arranged, microstates are sub-states within a system, boltzmann. Factors influencing entropy: more complex molecule = greater entropy, similar to degrees of freedom , more massive molecule = greater entropy, due to more e- Increased temperature = greater entropy: undergoing a phase change increases the entropy greatly. Not the value of entropy, but the change in entropy: units of entropy = j/k. Entropy calculations: entropy of dissolution, entropy drives the dissolution of solutes. Ssolution>(ssolvent+ssolute) o: mixing creates additional entropy, entropy and gasses o, entropy of phase changes o. Suniverse= ssystem+ ssurroundings>0: all spontaneous processes increase the entropy of the universe. Free energy: represented by g, amount of useable energy that is associated with a given action or process, summary o, phase transitions, for a phase transition, g = 0.