CHEM 1AA3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Miscibility, Aldehyde, Ketone

30 views8 pages

indigomule819

22 Sep 2016

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Any atom, group of atoms, or organization of bonds that determines specific properties of a molecule. The functional group generally is the most reactive portion off a molecule and gives the molecule predictable characteristics. Molecules may have more than one functional group. All alcohols contain a hydroxyl group oh. Alcohols can form hydrogen bonds because of the polar characteristic of the oxygen-hydrogen bond. These strong intermolecular forces mean higher melting and boiling points than hydrocarbons with a similar molar mass. Alcohols are soluble in water; the first 3 alcohols, methanol, ethanol, and propanol, are miscible. Identify the longest carbon chain and use the alkane name. Replace the e of the name"s ending with ol. Identify the location of the hydroxyl group, count from the end that will give you the lowest number. ie: Compounds in which an oxygen atom is bonded to two carbons in a chain. The group has a v-shape and a permanent dipole.

Related Questions

Part F: some functional groups

Classify each of the following statements as true or false:

a) To be classified as organic, a compound must be or have been part of a living organism.

b) Carbon atoms normally form four bonds in organic compounds.

c) Only an unsaturated hydrocarbon can engage in an addition reaction.

d) Members of a homologous series differ by a distinct structural unit.

e) Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

f) Alkyl groups are a class of organic compounds.

g) Isomers have the same molecular formulas but different structural formulas.

h) Cis-trans isomerism appear among alkenes but not alkynes.

i) All aliphatic hydrocarbons are unsaturated.

j) Aromatic hydrocarbons have a ring structure.

k) An alcohol has an alkyl group bonded to an oxygen atom, and an ether has two.

l) Carbonyl groups are found in alcohols and aldehydes.

m) An ester is an aromatic carbon made from the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.

n) An amine has one, two, or three alkyl groups substituted for hydrogens in an ammonia molecule.

o) An amide has the structure of a carboxylic acid except that replaces OH in the carboxyl group.

p) A peptide linkage series arises when a water molecule forms from a hydrogen from the of one amino acid molecule an from an another amino acid molecule.