MEDRADSC 2I03 Lecture 13: Inflammatory Disorders and Foreign Bodies of the Upper Respiratory Tract
11 Dec 2018
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Croup: viral infection - children, obstructive swelling - subglottic trachea. Below the epiglottis -> subglottic trachea: stridor - barky harsh sound, hallmark on ap - hourglass shape to airway, treatment. Cool mist: hold bb in mist or just in washroom w cold shower running, 15-20 minutes. If difficult breathing -> medical intervention, corticosteroids. Haemophilus influenzae (bacteria: thickening of epiglottic tissue + surrounding pharyngeal structures, decrease since vaccine. Type b - hiv vaccine part of routine immunization for children: epiglottis on lateral. Swelling to size of adult thumb vs. normal adult pinky: prompt attention. Intubation may be needed: antibiotics and corticosteroids. Death: different infection, different location, different symptoms. Intrabronchial foreign bodies: pt population : typically children, opaque -> demonstrable, non-opaque -> diagnosis by observing secondary signs of lungs. Most often right main bronchus and lower lobes. More vertical descend than left: complete obstruction (major bronchus) Reabsorption of trapped air -> alveolar collapse. Atelectasis (airlessness) of segment or entire lobe.
