BIOL 1204 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Microevolution, Random Effects Model, Macroevolution
2 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Organization of biodiversity: traditional or functional perspective vs. evolutionary perspective. Understanding the response to selection in continuous traits (illinois long-term selection experiment for oil in corn. Natural selection causes adaptation, but several processes can cause populations to evolve: natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, non-random mating (sexual selection) Gene flow (example of gene flow and selection with mainland and island snakes) Genetic drift (smaller populations experience random effects (e. g. , fixation or loss of alleles) to a greater extent than large populations. Genetic drift; 2 insights: genetic drift causes, on average, a loss of genetic variation within a population, genetic drift causes, on average, genetic divergence between populations. Has ability to test the affects of reproductive isolation. Pollinator isolation (wide fox-glove flower pollinated by bees; long trumpet creeper flower pollinated by humming bird) Divergence of traits (marine vs freshwater threespine stickleback fish) Examples include liger (tiger and lions), mule (donkey and horse), warblers.
