GEOL 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Transform Fault, Merca, Richter Magnitude Scale
3 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Tsunamis, uplift of land, sand volcanoes, down drop coastal areas. Ground shake universal effect of shaking that can trigger: Faults fractures or cracks where movement has occurred. Earthquake the moment of energy release on a fault. Focus (hypocentre) - hypo means low and centre means the point. Focus is the point where rupture actually occurs. Epicentre - the point on the surface of the earth directly above the focus of an earthquake. Magnitude - 3 scales are mercalli, richter, and moment magnitude. P (primary) waves compressional body waves. S (secondary) waves shear body waves. R (rayleigh) waves surface waves that cause the ground to ripple up and down. L (love) waves surface waves that cause the ground to ripple back and forth, creating a snakelike movement. P and s are body waves that will travel through the entire earth, and will be felt all over. R and l are surface waves that are up and down and sideways shaking.
